Izixhobo zeSilicones azikho nje icandelo elibalulekileyo loshishino lwemathiriyeli entsha kushishino lwesizwe olucwangcisiweyo olusahlumayo, kodwa lukwayinto eyimfuneko exhasayo kwamanye amashishini asakhasayo ngobuchule.

Ngokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwemimandla yesicelo, imfuno enkulu enokubakho yenze i-silicone enye yezona zinto zidumileyo zemichiza okwangoku.

Inxalenye enkulu yokusetyenziswa kwe-silicone yasekhaya ikwiinkalo ezifana nokwakhiwa, i-electronics, umbane kunye namandla amatsha, unyango kunye nokunyamekela komntu.Phakathi kwabo, intsimi yokwakha okwangoku iyona meko ingundoqo yokusetyenziswa kwe-silicone, ibalwa malunga ne-30%.

Ukongeza ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yezinto ze-silicone kumashishini emveli, ukonga amandla kunye namashishini okukhusela okusingqongileyo afana ne-photovoltaics kunye namandla amatsha, kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini asakhulayo afana nokwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla ombane aphezulu kunye ne-ultra-high. , izinto ezinxitywayo ezikrelekrele, ukuprintwa kwe-3D, kunye ne-5G, zonke zibonelela ngamanqaku amatsha okukhula kweemfuno ze-silicone.

Isishwankathelo seeSilicones

I-Silicones ligama eliqhelekileyo le-silicon organic compounds, eyenziwa kunye ne-hydrolyzed nge-silicon yensimbi kunye ne-chloromethane.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuhlanganiseni i-silicones kukuvelisa i-methylchlorosilane, ethi ke i-hydrolyzed ukufumana i-monomethyltrichlorosilane, i-dimethyldichlorosilane, kunye ne-trichlorosilane.I-Dimethyldichlorosilane yeyona ntlobo iphambili ye-monomer ye-silicon ephilayo, kunye neemveliso zayo eziphambili ezisezantsi ziyirabha ye-silicone kunye neoli ye-silicone.

Okwangoku, amandla okuvelisa i-silicones akhankanywe e-China ngokubanzi abhekisela kumandla okuvelisa i-methylchlorosilane, ngelixa izibalo zokuvelisa zangoku zisekelwe kwimveliso ye-dimethylsiloxane.

Silicones ishishini chain

Ikhonkco leshishini le-silicone lihlulwe kakhulu libe ngamakhonkco amane: izixhobo ze-silicone ekrwada, ii-silicones monomers, i-silicones intermediates, kunye nee-silicones ezinzulu zokusetyenzwa kweemveliso.Kukho amashishini amancinci emveliso yezinto ezikrwada, ii-monomers, kunye nabaphakathi, ngelixa ukusetyenzwa okunzulu okusezantsi kubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kunye nomthamo osasaziweyo wemveliso.

Izinto ze-silicone ekrwada

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-silicones ibandakanya inxalenye enkulu yezinto eziluhlaza.Izinto eziluhlaza ze-silicones ziyi-powder silicone ye-industrial, elungiselelwe kwishishini ngokunciphisa i-quartz nge-coke kwisithando sombane se-arc.

Ukuveliswa kwe-silicone ye-industrial kudla isixa esikhulu se-silicone ore kunye namandla, kwaye kubangela ukungcoliseka okubalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo.Ke ngoko, unikezelo oluzinzileyo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wezinto ezikrwada ze-silicone zoshishino lube sisiqinisekiso esisisiseko sokuveliswa kwe-silicone.

Ngokutsho kwe-SAGSI, ngo-2020, umthamo wemveliso ye-silicone yelizwe jikelele yayizi-6.23 zezigidi zeetoni, ngelixa i-China ivelisa i-4.82 yezigidi zeetoni, ibalwa kwi-77.4%.

Isilicon

Ii-silicones monomers kunye nabaphakathi

Unikezelo lwasekhaya lwee-silicones monomers kunye ne-akhawunti ye-intermediates ngaphezu kwe-50% ye-global total, okwenza kube ngumthengisi omkhulu we-silicones monomers kunye nabaphakathi emhlabeni.Ngenxa yemeko engazinzanga ye-silicones monomers, iinkampani ngokubanzi zidibanisa iimonomers zibe ziphakathi ezifana ne-DMC (dimethylsiloxane) okanye i-D4 ethengiswayo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa kunye neenkcukacha ze-silicones monomers kunye nabaphakathi.

I-Dimethyldichlorosilane okwangoku yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu i-silicones monomer, ibalwa ngaphezu kwe-90% yemali ye-monomer iyonke.

Umda wokungena kwishishini le-silicones liphezulu, eliye laphakanyiswa kwiitoni ze-200000 kwaye lifuna ubuncinane i-yuan ye-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zotyalo-mali.Umda wokungeniswa kushishino oluphezulu uya kukhuthaza utyekelo lokugxininiswa komthamo wemveliso enye ukuya kumashishini aphambili.

Okwangoku, kuphela linani elincinci leenkampani ezinoqokelelo olwaneleyo lwetekhnoloji kwaye zifezekise imveliso enkulu, ngaphezulu kwe-90% yomthamo wemveliso osasazwe phakathi kwamashishini aphezulu ali-11.

Uxinaniso lwesakhono se-silicone sokuvelisa i-monomer ikwabonelela ngendawo eyaneleyo yokuxoxisana kumashishini asezantsi.

Dichlorodimethylsilane

Ngokuphathelele ukubonelela, amaninzi amashishini ahamba phambili e-silicone e-China aneeprojekthi eziqhubekayo okanye izicwangciso ezintsha.Umthamo omtsha wemveliso uya kugxininiswa kwimveliso ukusuka kwi-2022 ukuya kwi-2023, kwaye umthamo wemveliso weshishini sele uza kungena kumjikelo wokwandisa ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-Baichuan Yingfu, iinkampani ezifana ne-Hesheng Silicon Industry, i-Yunnan Energy Investment, kunye ne-Dongyue Silicon Materials ziya kutyala imali malunga ne-1.025 yezigidi zeetoni ze-silicones umthamo wokuvelisa kulo nyaka.Iinkampani ezifana neNew Special Energy, i-Asia Silicon Industry, kunye ne-Sichuan Yongxiang zikwatyala imali kwi-polycrystalline silicon umthamo wokuvelisa, uqhuba ukwanda kwemfuno ye-silicone ye-industrial.

I-SAGSI iqikelela ukuba amandla emveliso yase-China yee-silicones methyl monomers aya kudlula i-6 yezigidi zeetoni/ngonyaka ngo-2025, ebalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-70% yomthamo wemveliso yehlabathi jikelele yee-silicones methyl monomers.

Ngokutsho kwe-C & EN, i-Momentive, inkampani ehamba phambili ye-silicones yangaphandle iceba ukuvala umthamo wayo wokuvelisa i-silicones e-Waterford, eNew York, isenza i-Dow ibe yedwa umenzi we-silicones enyukayo e-United States.

Umthamo wemveliso ye-silicones ye-monomer yehlabathi idluliselwa e-China, kwaye i-industry concentration ratio iya kuqhubeka nokuphucula kwixesha elizayo.

Ukucutshungulwa okunzulu kwee-silicones

Iimveliso ze-silicones ezicutshungulweyo ezinzulu zihlala zikhona kwifom ye-molecular ye-RnSiX (4-n), kunye neempawu ezizinzileyo ze-physicochemical ze-silicon chain kunye nokuhluka kwamaqela asebenzayo kunika iimveliso ze-silicone ezicutshungulwayo ezinzulu kunye nemisebenzi yokusetyenziswa okucebileyo.Iimveliso eziphambili ziyi-rubber ye-silicone kunye neoli ye-silicone, i-akhawunti ye-66% kunye ne-21% ngokulandelanayo.

Okwangoku, ushishino olunzulu lokucutshungulwa kwee-silicones lusekwinqanaba lophuhliso olukhawulezayo, kunye noshishino oluthe saa.Kukho ngaphezu kwama-3,000 amashishini asezantsi aqhuba umsebenzi we-silicone kuphela.

I-Olivia Factory Raw Material Tank

Ulwakhiwo lweemveliso ze-silicone ezicutshungulweyo eTshayina:

Iinkampani ze-silicone zaphesheya ziswele inzuzo yeendleko ekuveliseni ii-silicone monomers xa kuthelekiswa neenkampani zaseTshayina, kwaye uninzi lweenkampani ezikhokelayo ze-silicone zaphesheya zijolise ekuphuhliseni iimveliso ezisezantsi ezisezantsi kunye nokwandisa ikhonkco leshishini.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yenkuthazo yaseTshayina yeshishini le-silicone iye yatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwimveliso ye-monomer ukuya ekusetyenzweni okunzulu kweemveliso ze-silicone, ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso ezintsha ze-silicone, ukwandiswa kwemimandla emitsha yesicelo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwenqanaba losetyenziso olubanzi.

Silika

Iimveliso zeSilicones ezisezantsi zinexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo kunye nethemba lokusetyenziswa kweemarike.Okwangoku, kusekho indawo ebalulekileyo yophuhliso ekusetyenzisweni kwe-silicone kwiimarike ezikhulayo e-China nakwamanye amazwe.

Silicone

Polycrystalline Silicon